India and the United States have expanded cooperation on undersea cable networks under the US-India TRUST (Transforming the Relationship Utilising Strategic Technologies) Initiative. The partnership covers subsea systems that carry more than 95% of global digital traffic and support international communications, financial services, cloud computing, and the global digital economy.
US-India TRUST Initiative
TRUST stands for Transforming the Relationship Utilising Strategic Technologies. It is a bilateral framework between India and the United States for cooperation in strategic technologies, including secure digital infrastructure and resilient supply chains. The undersea cable partnership falls within this framework and involves government and industry stakeholders.
Undersea Cable Networks
Undersea or submarine cables are fibre-optic cables laid on the seabed for long-distance data transmission. These cables connect continents and form the backbone of global internet connectivity, banking transactions, cloud services, and cross-border communications. Their security is linked to physical protection, route diversity, and landing-station resilience.
Security Features and Risks
The collaboration focuses on trusted technology providers, diversified cable routes, and multiple landing stations across the Indo-Pacific. The stated risk areas include physical sabotage, cyberattacks, interception, and dependence on single sources. These concerns are relevant to both telecommunications security and national security planning.
Important Facts for Exams
- Undersea cables carry over 95% of global digital traffic.
- Submarine cables are used for internet data, financial messaging, and cloud connectivity.
- The Indo-Pacific region contains major cable routes linking Asia, Europe, and North America.
- Multiple landing stations reduce dependence on a single point of failure in cable networks.
India’s Role in Digital Infrastructure
India has been identified as a potential hub for subsea digital infrastructure because of its growing digital economy, rising demand for cloud and artificial intelligence services, and strategic location. The September 2026 workshop brought together government and industry experts to discuss protection of critical communication infrastructure.
Global Significance
Subsea cable security is a matter of international communications, financial stability, and digital resilience. The India-US partnership adds to wider efforts to secure the physical and technological layers of global connectivity.
