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Pakistan’s President Asif Ali Zardari declared an emergency and imposed governor’s rule in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on 11 October 2026. The provincial government led by the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) was suspended after a federal cabinet meeting chaired by Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. The federal government cited worsening law and order, terrorist attacks and a breakdown of constitutional machinery as grounds for the action.

South African swimmer Pieter Coetze set a men’s 50m backstroke short-course world record of 22.09 seconds at a World Aquatics World Cup meet in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, on 9 October 2026. The 22-year-old lowered the previous record of 22.11 seconds, set by Russia’s Kliment Kolesnikov in 2022, by 0.02 seconds. It was Coetze’s first career world record.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-12 astronauts returned to Earth on 8 October 2026 after 237 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Their SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft splashed down in the Pacific Ocean off Los Angeles at 8:34 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time. The crew completed more than 3,792 Earth orbits and travelled over 100 million miles.

The Living Planet Report 2026 was released on 8 October 2026 by WWF in partnership with the Zoological Society of London (ZSL). It records a 73% decline in the average size of monitored wildlife populations worldwide between 1970 and 2022, based on nearly 35,803 population trends across 5,790 vertebrate species.

The Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) screening committee approved a proposal for ₹5,000 crore in external assistance from Germany’s development bank KfW for the Telangana Climate Resilient Urban Transformation Initiative (Telangana-CRUTI) on 9 October 2026. The programme is estimated to cost ₹7,143 crore, with the Telangana government contributing ₹2,143 crore.

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) convened the Second Regional Review Conference on implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, in Kolkata, West Bengal, on 9 and 10 October 2026. Officials from eight states attended to review claims, pending cases and implementation measures.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raised the minimum daily Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) maintenance requirement for scheduled banks from 90% to 99% of the prescribed CRR. The change takes effect from the reporting fortnight beginning 16 October 2026, while the overall CRR remains unchanged at 3%. The RBI announced the measure on 9 October 2026 amid banking-system surplus liquidity of about ₹3.88 lakh crore as of 8 October.

Margaret Hamilton, the computer scientist who led development of NASA’s Apollo flight software, died on 30 September 2026 at the age of 90. MIT published an obituary on 7 October 2026. Hamilton joined MIT’s Instrumentation Laboratory in 1965, where the team developed onboard software for Apollo missions.

US President Donald Trump presented the National Medal of Science and the National Medal of Technology and Innovation to six people on 8 October 2026. The ceremony took place during the “Science: A New Golden Age Summit” in Washington, D.C. Four recipients received the science medal and two received the technology and innovation medal.

P. Vasu, popularly known as ‘Socio’ Vasu, died at his residence in Cheruvannur, Kozhikode, on 8 October 2026, aged 103. Born in January 1923, he became involved in the national movement during his school years and later joined the socialist movement after India’s independence.